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Ida B. Wells Essay -- essays research papers

Ida B. Wells was a lady committed to a reason, a reason to keep a huge number of individuals from being killed by lynching. Lynching is characterized as to go rogue and slaughter somebody in discipline for a wrongdoing or an assumed wrongdoing. Ida B. Wells’ back round made her a coherent representative against lynching. She drew on numerous encounters for an amazing duration to help in her campaign. Her situation as a dark lady, in any case, influenced her believability both all through America in a couple of various ways. Â Â Â Â Â Her guardians supported the foundation of this crusader to make her an incredible representative. She likewise held situations for an amazing duration that permitted her to become familiar with a ton about lynching. She was filled by her normal drive to look for reality. Wells was naturally introduced to subjection in Holly Springs, Mississippi. Her dad, James Wells, was a woodworker and her mom was a cook. After the Civil War her folks turned out to be politically dynamic. Her dad was known as “race'; man, a term given to African Americans engaged with the administration of the network. He was a nearby representative, an artisan, and an individual from the Board of Trustees of Shaw University. The two guardians gave Ida solid good examples. They tried sincerely and held spots of regard in the network as forward-looking individuals. James and Elizabeth (mother) Wells ingrained their little girl a sharp feeling of obligation to God, family, and network. Ida’s foundation was strengthene...

How a math challenge can teach more than just math

How a math challenge can teach more than just math Students celebrate at the LearnStorm finals (photograph by Andrew Weeks).Sherry*, a 5th grade student, didn’t want to come to Google. For months she’d been working hard on LearnStorm, the Khan Academy math challenge, and had earned a top spot on the leaderboards. For weeks our team had been working with Google to build the most epic final award celebration we could devise. We asked her teacher, Jen Ellison, what was up and the response was heartbreaking:“I dont ride in cars much.”Ms. Ellison said Sherry’s response reminded her of the crippling effects of poverty. Sherry is ten years old. She doesn’t often leave her neighborhood. “Driving an hour away might as well be the moon.”The thing is, this kind of self-limiting thinking is not only a problem for kids from underserved neighborhoods: most people are held back in some way by their mindset. Last year Edelman-Berland helped us do a poll that showed that the majority of people think their intelligence level is fixed. The research shows not only that this is inaccurate, but also that when students think this way, their test scores suffer, and they are less likely to take on the learning challenges that will set them up for future success.We designed LearnStorm as a direct attack on these ways of thinking. We knew that to be truly impactful we would need to create a hands-on way to practice positive learning mindsets. Could we design a math challenge that taught a lot more than just math? We launched LearnStorm in the Bay Area as a pilot. Based on what we’d learned from other math competitions, we aimed to reach at least one percent of students in grades 3-12, which is about 13,000. Three months later, over 73,000 students from about 1,600 Bay Area schools have participated in LearnStorm. They’ve earned points and prizes not only for mastering math skills but also for showing “hustle,” a metric we created to measure grit, perseverance, and growth. They competed over 200,000 hours of learni ng and 13.6 million standards-aligned math problems. In addition, thanks to the generosity of Google.org, DonorsChoose.org, and Comcast’s Internet Essentials, 34 underserved schools unlocked new devices for their classrooms and free home internet service for eligible families, increasing student access to online learning tools like Khan Academy.Bella Vista Elementary, one of the 34 schools that earned new devices for its classrooms through LearnStormOn Saturday, we invited the LearnStorm students who mastered the most math and showed the most hustle to a finals celebration on the Google campus. These students competed in individual and team challenges and earned educational prizes from organizations such as the Exploratorium, Ardusat, the Lawrence Hall of Science, the Tech Museum of Innovation, the California Academy of Sciences, NASA, NASCAR, and the San Francisco 49ers. Thanks to the efforts of her teacher, Ms. Ellison, Sherry was there. Thanks to her grit, determination and gro wth in math, she earned a prize and was celebrated by 300 of her peers from across the Bay Area at the heart of Google. As Ms. Ellison put it:“LearnStorm taught us about hope, endurance and grit It taught us to encourage one another because everyone struggles. It taught us that you can learn anything. It taught us that we are capable of more than we can imagine…. Oh, and we learned some math, too.”Teacher Jen Ellison tells Sal her school’s story (photograph by Andrew Weeks).At Khan Academy we’ve been inspired by Sherry and all the participants, volunteers, teachers and parents who made this LearnStorm pilot such a success. We’re working with the same hustle, grit and determination to make LearnStorm bigger and better. So stay tuned for updates later this year!- James Tynan, Adoption Lead

Transferring the Successful Business Model of Short-Haul...

Transferring the successful business model of short-haul low-cost airlines to the long-haul market – why does it not work? Universidad del Pacifico Globalization, Multinational Corporations Foreign Direct Investment Research Paper 3.12.2012 1 1. Introduction In terms of financial achievements the airline industry has not performed well over the past decades. It has even been stated as ‘an example of how not to run business in the 21st Century, when looking at hard numerical facts’ (Button Ison , 2008). However, there have been exceptionally flourishing cases, especially in the low -cost short-haul airline industry. Companies such as Ryanair in Europe or Southwest Airlines in the USA have gained considerable†¦show more content†¦This is vital for their survival as the capital n eeded for aircraft purchases is a heavy burden for the balance-sheet of all airlines. Conventional full-service airlines on the other hand generally have a more complex offer including short- and long-haul flights which require several types of aircrafts incurring considerable costs. 2.3 Human Resources Another factor used by short-haul LCCs to increase efficiency and lower costs is their use of human resources. Not only do LCCs tend to hire younger cheaper staff but also, according to 3 Flouris Walker (2005), a pilot of an average low-cost carrier flies approximately 25.1% more hours and has 12.5% more work days than a pilot at an average full -service airline. In addition they state that LCC pilots have a salary base of 60% and receive the remaining 40% based on performance. These figures highlight the LCCs’ efficient use of available resources in comparison to full-service airlines. Furthermore, in terms of flight attendants, these are generally ‘home-based’, flying only peripheral routes to their home in order to facilitate scheduling and cut costs such as overnight hotel stays for personnel (Morrell, 2008). Cleaning personnel is also kept to a minimum since the clean-up in between flights is done by flight attendants and a full clean up is not done every day. This is very much facilitated by the fact of notShow MoreRelatedLow Cost Strategies a Failed Business Model?9157 Words   |  37 Pages   LOW COST AIRLINES: A FAILED BUSINESS MODEL? Kenneth Button University Professor Director of the Center for Transportation, Policy, Operations, and Logistics, and Director of the Aerospace Policy Research Center School of Public Policy George Mason University (MS 3C6) Fairfax, VA 22030, USA. E-mail: kbutton@gmu.edu â€Å"You fucking academic eggheads! You don t know shit. You can t deregulate this industry. You re going to wreck it. You don t know a goddamn thing!† Robert L. Crandall, CEO AmericanRead MoreRyanair Analyses44239 Words   |  177 PagesMaster’s thesis M.Sc. in EU Business Law An analysis of the European low fare airline industry - with focus on Ryanair Student: Thomas C. Sà ¸rensen Student number: 256487 Academic advisor: Philipp Schrà ¶der Aarhus School of Business September 13, 2005 1 Table of contents 1. Introduction 1.1. Preface 1.2. Research problem 1.3. Problem formulation 1.4. Delimitation 6 6 7 7 2. Science and methodology approach 2.1. Approaches to science 2.1.1. Ontology 2.1.1.1. Objectivism 2.1.1.2. ConstructivismRead MoreSouthwest Airlines6851 Words   |  28 PagesSituation Following the Deregulation in 1978, a competitive price war ensued among the airline industry as a direct result of the new freedom for airlines to set their own fares as well as route entry and exits. This gave rise to the operating structure of the airlines as it exists today, consisting of the point-to-point system and the hub and spoke system. With this came the change of focus for major airlines to non-stop, cross-country routes in densely populated cities, which, in a regulated environmentRead MoreEssay about Southwest Airlines6555 Words   |  27 PagesSituation Following the Deregulation in 1978, a competitive price war ensued among the airline industry as a direct result of the new freedom for airlines to set their own fares as well as route entry and exits. This gave rise to the operating structure of the airlines as it exists today, consisting of the point-to-point system and the hub and spoke system. With this came the change of focus for major airlines to non-stop, cross-country routes in densely populated cities, which, in a regulated environmentRead MoreStrategic Management in a Global Context8532 Words   |  35 PagesGlobal Context Instructor: Mark Louis Ulrich Team Project By: Amer Nasser Hanh Nguyen Lars Boelke Wila Yu Airline Industry History: The first ever scheduled airline was launched in St. Petersburg, Florida, a city not generally considered that can boast of an aviation. But on January 1, 1914, the St. Petersburg-Tampa Airboat Line was born there--the world s first scheduled airline using winged aircraft. A plaque on the entrance to St. Petersburg International Airport proclaims: The BirthplaceRead MoreWhat Is Logistics23868 Words   |  96 PagesWhat is logistics? Logistics means having the right thing, at the right place, at the right time. [pic] Logistics  - (business definition) Logistics is defined as a business planning framework for the management of material, service, information and capital flows. It includes the increasingly complex information, communication and control systems required in today s business environment. --  (Logistix Partners Oy, Helsinki, FI, 1996) Logistics  - (military definition) The science of planning andRead MoreTeaching Notes Robert Grant - Strategy 4th Edition51665 Words   |  207 PagesContents Introduction 3 1 Madonna 21 2 Laura Ashley Holdings plc: The Battle for Survival 26 3 The US Airline Industry in 2002 33 4 DaimlerChrysler and the World Automobile Industry 41 5 Wal-Mart Stores Inc., May 2002 49 6 Eastman Kodak: Meeting the Digital Challenge 62 7 Organizational Restructuring within the Royal Dutch/Shell Group 70 8 Harley-Davidson, Inc., January 2001 77 9 Online Broking Strategies: Merrill Lynch, Charles Schwab and E*Trade 83 10 11 12 Emi and the CT ScannerRead MoreCase Study148348 Words   |  594 Pagesus on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk ---------------------------------This edition published 2011  © Pearson Education Limited 2011 The rights of Gerry Johnson, Richard Whittington and Kevan Scholes to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Pearson Education is not responsible for the content of third party internet sites. ISBN: 978-0-273-73557-1 (printed) ISBN: 978-0-273-73552-6 (web) All rightsRead MoreCase Studies67624 Words   |  271 Pageseffective case analysis C-3 CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 3 CASE 4 CASE 5 CASE 6 CASE 7 ABB in China, 1998 C-16 Ansett Airlines and Air New Zealand: A flight to oblivion? C-31 BP–Mobil and the restructuring of the oil refining industry C-44 Compaq in crisis C-67 Gillette and the men’s wet-shaving market C-76 Incat Tasmania’s race for international success: Blue Riband strategies C-95 Kiwi Travel International Airlines Ltd C-105 CASE 8 Beefing up the beefless Mac: McDonald’s expansion strategies in India: C-120 Read MoreIntroduction to Materials Management169665 Words   |  679 PagesGirro@qq.com PREFACE Introduction to Materials Management is an introductory text written for students in community colleges and universities. It is used in technical programs, such as industrial engineering and manufacturing engineering; in business programs; and by those already in industry, whether or not they are working in materials management. This text has been widely adopted by colleges and universities not only in North America but also in other parts of the world. APICS—The Association

comparative proteomics Essay - 944 Words

Comparative Proteomics: Protein Profiler Lab by Jonathan Thulson Biology 113 October 6, 2013 Lab Partner: Vernon Morris INTRODUCTION Proteomics is the study of proteins. Their functions, interactions with other proteins, cellular locations and levels at which they are expressed. The purpose of this lab was to compare the proteins present in different species of fish to be able to determine which species of fish have the closest relation. This can be determined based on which two fish species have the most proteins in common with one another. The Central Dogma of biology is a process in which a gene made of DNA is transcribed by a messenger RNA and then translated into a protein. Based on the Central Dogma of†¦show more content†¦The proteins are also added to a Laemmli sample buffer in order to give each protein a negative charge so it is able to get pulled through the polyacrylamide gel. The next step is to put the gel into the electrophoresis module and to run it. It is run until the proteins have almost reached the bottom of the gel. A blue tracking dye is added to the Laemmli sa mple buffer in order to track the distance in which the proteins travel through the gel. If it is run for too long, the proteins will run off the bottom of the gel and it will mess up your results. Once the protein reach the bottom of the gel, the gel is stained in order to be able to see the individual bands of the different proteins. When the gel is stained, the protein distances will be able to be measured and compared. For a detailed procedure, refer to the Comparative Proteomics Kit I: Protein Profiler Module Lab Manual. RESULTS I did not get conclusive data from the gel I made. As you can see in figure 1, the bands that showed up on the gel were too cluttered to be able to measure them. So I could not compare protein bands between the fish species based on our gel. Instead, I used a default gel picture that another group did in the class to get my data. From their gel I was able to compare the different species. Table 1 shows the number of bands that were similar between the different fish species when they were compared. I was able to determine that fish species C (Tuna)Show MoreRelatedDirect Analytical Sample Quality Assessment (DASQ) for Biomarker Investigation591 Words   |  2 PagesThere are several important factors to increase the chances that a proteomic study based on CSF biomarkers becomes successful. For proteomics analysis, the standardisation of CSF collection protocols is a mandatory step to search and identify new biomarkers indicators of a disease status. This point represents a mil estone especially when samples are collected and stored in different centres. There is the need to select and include, in biomarker research studies, only well characterized and high qualityRead MoreProteomics Analysis On Prostate Cancer1195 Words   |  5 PagesComparative proteomics analysis of urine reveals down-regulation of Acute Phase Response Signaling and LXR/RXR activation pathways in prostate cancer Abstract: Detecting prostate cancer (PCa) using non-invasive diagnostic markers still remains a challenge. The aim of this study was the identification of urine proteins sufficiently sensitive and specific to detect PCa in the early stages. Comparative proteomics profiling of urine from patients with PCa, benign prostate hyperplasia, bladder cancerRead MoreIntegrative Genomic Analysis In Cancer Essay783 Words   |  4 Pagesthe joint analysis of genetic and proteomic data will provide more information for modeling disease susceptibility than single-view methods is presented in \cite{reif2004integrated}. Using average classification errors across 100 data sets, it was illustrated that having multiple types of data is more beneficial when the etiological model is complex and one or more variables may be missing. The authors of this paper integrated high-dimensional genetic and proteomic data in a cohort of subjects inRead MoreStreptococcus Pneumoniae ( S. Pneumoniae Essay938 Words   |  4 Pagesidentification of vaccine targets from the characterization of surface proteins, studies on the global proteome of S. pneumoniae that provide insights into the pathogenesis of IPD are limited [6]. It is to this effect, we undertook this global comparative proteomics study to identify characteristic patterns of pneumococcal protein synthesis in vitro that correlate with invasive disease by screening a collection of pneumococcal clinical isolates. To investigate the associated proteins using this approachRead MorePan1 And Genetic Domain Structures1257 Words   |  6 Pagesresearch model in which classical and molecular approaches, as well as both in vitro and in vivo models, are available for studying host-pathogen interactions and pathogenesis. In addition, genomic and proteomic approaches including microarray, whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing (RNA-Seq), and proteomics have all been employed to study pathogenesis of Cn [35-37]. This well-established model organism and available research resources will be invaluable for us to pursue our research goals. In Cn, Cin1Read MoreA Comparative Study Of Urine From Pca And BPH Patients1711 Words   |  7 PagesIn our previous comparative study of urine from PCa and BPH patients, we identified a set of putative candidates [17] as non-invasive biomarkers for PCa. This prompted us to perform a larger comparative study, including two additional urological cancers, namely invasive low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma and early stage clear cell renal carcinoma in order to test if the urine contains proteins sensitive to detect early stages of PCa and specific enough to separate the disease from BPH and otherRead MoreAdvancements in the Field of Genomics961 Words   |  4 Pageswithout a precise evolutionary context or hierarchy. One of the most well-known and supported endeavors in the advancing field of genomics is the human genome project whose creation has since revolutionized the related fields of proteomics and medicine with comparative genomic analyses of primate species offering considerable potential in defining the processes responsible for molding and transforming the human genome. In spite of these scientific advancements, however, very little information isRead MoreChlamydomonas Lab Report1426 Words   |  6 Pagesrecognized that cilia play critical roles in animal physiology and development. They need to identify the gene products necessary for ciliary assembly and function by running a proteomic analysis of human cilia. However, the proteomic analysis of human cilia is limited in its ability to detect low-abundance proteins. Comparative genomics was used to identify genes found only in the genomes of organisms with cilia and flagella and was successful. This study was then implemented to find the low-abundanceRead MoreEvaluation And Evaluation Of Protein2753 Words   |  12 Pages Overall proteomics has the large scale determination of quality and cell work particularly at the protein level. Mass spectrometry (MS) has progressively turned into the technique for decision for examination of complex protein tests. In an order to made conceivable by the accessibility of quality and genome grouping databases and specialized, MS-based proteomics applied advances in numerous ranges, most prominently in the disclosure and improvement of protein ionization techniques. For proteinRead MoreExtract Proteins From The Muscle Tissue Of Various Fish Species And Execute An Sds1878 Words   |  8 Pagessequencing and coding. Since proteins are influenced by DNA, their profiles, also known as proteomes, are indicative of evolutionary and genetic relatedness. These proteomes vary from cell to cell, as the function of each group of cells is different. Proteomics refers to the study of protein structure, function, and interaction within a certain environment in an organism. The purpose of this experiment is to perform a procedure known as SDS-PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis)

Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal Exposed

Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal Exposed The Battle Over Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal and How to Win It Writing the background section still might be helpful, however, in demonstrating your distinct view of the issue. An electronic search may throw up lots of hits, but a lot of articles aren't very likely to be detected. Students have to identify a wide selection of resources that they can utilize. They are tempted to look for an affordable online custom service. Getting the Best Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal The introduction part explains the significance of the subject. The questions can lead you to the larger picture and at the exact time it's important that you attempt to compose the research questions in such a way that they address your question in the most effective possible method. Most proposals incorporate a sample chapter, providing you an opportunity to find and hone your voice before producing the entire book. You'll look closely at the arguments to find out what makes them so convincing. The vital objective of our custom writing company is to make sure customers are truly happy with the services they receive. There are lots of reasons you should seek the services of the ideal research proposal writing service. A business ought to have a wide selection of features in order to give literature reviews. Such companies ought to be avoided at any cost. A literature review isn't the exact same as an annotated bibliography. It is a very rigid genre. It implies that work has already been published and it is to be reviewed as well as written in own words. Such a style of writing a literature review is believed to be an inadequate quality. The Argument About Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal Writing a literature review may not be an effortless endeavor for several of the students. From collecting suitable citations and sources to composing a detailed and very clear evaluation of the various themes wit hin the range of the topic, a literature review supplied by the Best Dissertation Writing Service can help you construct a good foundation for a bigger material of work, for example a dissertation. Writing an appropriate introduction is thus very crucial in the total bearing of your dissertation. It is therefore very crucial in the overall bearing of your essay. Such a review doesn't look appealing. The completion of dissertation in 1 week can be achieved by relying on write daily. If you think that you're not prepared to compose a research proposal, then wait some days before you may organize all your thoughts. Then be certain that your proposal has a all-inclusive and current list of the literature included. New Step by Step Roadmap for Reasons for Writing a Research Proposal A business may send out a public announcement requesting proposals for a particular project. If you can't get proposals, then ask your advisor to assist you in getting some, together with have a rea d through. Writing a research proposal is about strict rules and guidelines, which means you should keep in mind all the elements your proposal should contain. The use of the proposal is to be certain that The proposal isn't a fixed blueprint. In case you have too many questions that you want to answer, attempt to rank them in accordance to priority. Don't forget your proposal should contain the principal questions and goals of the upcoming research, and that means you will need to go at your own pace and write down the principal questions you intend to reply. While you have the ability to comprehend the notion of research questions it's also fundamental it's also essential that you have to try your level best to work on it whether you like its significance or not. The goal is to demonstrate an understanding and awareness of all of the current literature and information associated with your topic. Don't add any methods that you're not likely to utilize in your research methodology. It i s problematic for students to find the material applicable to research replies and response on questionnaire. As you are coping with the best of the writing, it is vital you have to attempt to write in compliance with the question that the notion of research questioning may lead to the chance of another research. You may also talk about the subject of your research with your supervisor and come up with one that is appropriate for you. As part of your application you must submit a research proposal indicating a potential topic or area that you want to research. Now you are aware of how to compose a proposal for a research paper and can help it become remarkable, helping your audience to determine whether they would like to read the entire research.

Tough Alice free essay sample

Twelve Impossible Things Before Breakfast, is a collection of stories that vary from parodies to extended variations of famous fantasy stories. Jane Yolen, challenged the most popular children’s story ever, Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll and created a more upbeat Wonderland with a more hard-hitting Alice than usual. The original Alice in Wonderland is a tale about a girl who falls asleep and dreams about this magical and adventurous land known as Wonderland. Alice in â€Å"Tough Alice,† has made multiple trips to this magical realm and has become a veteran to the laws and duties of Wonderland. Both stories embark on Joseph Campbell’s idea of Structuralism, ‘Hero’s Journey’ by following the sub-elements of their departure, initiation and return. The first main stage of Joseph Campbell’s Hero Journey is Departure that includes various sub-sections within it. The hero first receives a call of adventure once entering the alternate world. We will write a custom essay sample on Tough Alice or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In Alice of Wonderland, Alice feels extremely bored sitting by the river bank with her sister and often glancing at the book her sister is reading. Alice thought it was ridiculous that her sister is reading a book with no illustrations or conversations and eventually falls asleep beside her. Alice begins her Call of Adventure when she dreams about encountering the white rabbit and follows him down into the rabbit hole. Alice thought it was rather ordinary and not very much out of this world to hear a rabbit say to itself, â€Å"â€Å"Oh dear! Oh dear! I shall be too late! † Until, the rabbit retrieved his watch out of his waistcoat pocket and began to scurry on in a hurry to his large rabbit hole; Alice became more curious than ever and followed the rabbit without thinking of plan to return to the real world. In Tough Alice, Alice’s call of adventure began for the last time when she noticed a pig in her presence that fell down the rabbit hole and she took upon herself to go through the rabbit hole as well. Shortly after, Alice follows the white rabbit into the rabbit hole; she has crossed the first threshold of departure her journey. She is welcomed to the unknown. In Tough Alice, Alice is already experienced with the bizarre realm of Wonderland and crosses the threshold once she follows the pig into the rabbit hole. Everything begins to change yet again. As Alice is falling down the rabbit hole in Alice in Wonderland, which seems like forever, Alice reaches the bottom and encounters a room full of locked doors. She stumbles upon a table that displays a drink and some cake. In order to receive the key to get through the doors, she has to drink the bottle that makes her grow and eat the cake that makes her shrink which is an example of the next departure phase belly of the whale. In Tough Alice, Alice had to remind herself, â€Å"Think about something, and it appeared. Or don’t think about something, and it still might appear (page 2, Yolen). † The Jabberwock was a vicious monster that always seemed to make a personal arrival every time she visited Wonderland. This is considered when Alice reached the belly of the whale phase because everything was out of her control at the moment. In Alice of Wonderland, Alice encounters two supernatural aides as she wonders through the forest of Wonderland; the Caterpillar and the Cheshire cat. In Tough Alice, her supernatural aide encounters are the Red and White Queens. First, the caterpillar is effortlessly smoking a hookah on a mushroom when Alice meets him, which is unusual and surreal. Eventually, in a sleepy voice, the caterpillar asks Alice: â€Å"Who are you? † Surprised by the start of the conversation, Alice replies with: â€Å"â€Å"I—I hardly know, Sir, just at present—at least I know who I was when I got up this morning, but I think I must have changed several times since then. † The caterpillar wishes to know the truth about Alice and wants her to understand that in order to survive in the alternate world, she has to know herself first. Next, the Cheshire cat is a supernatural aide as well for Alice. The Cheshire cat is rather poetic with everything he says and his advice to Alice gives off a poetic vibe. The supernatural part about the cat is that he enjoys disappearing and reappearing at random times. In Tough Alice, the Red and White Queens symbolized supernatural aides for Alice. There’s no such thing as a red or white queen which indicates that Alice is dreaming. Second, the red and white queens were seen as guidance this time around in Wonderland by saying things like â€Å"We are only present, not truly here,† â€Å"And you are your own future,† â€Å"You are a tough child† and â€Å"You figure it out (page 7-8, Yolen)†. This considered the queens to be aides towards Alice. To make it out of Wonderland this time, she had to learn to fight her own demons. The second phase of the Hero’s Journey is the initiation which embarks on the road of trials. In Alice in Wonderland, Alice becomes overwhelmed with notion of being a range of different sizes within one day, so she begins to cry. Her crying creates a pool of tears where she meets an array of animals, including a mouse. In this pool of tears, Alice and the array of animals participate in Caucus Race, but later Alice unintentionally upsets her new companions by talking about her cat. Second, she continues with her journey and reaches the white rabbit’s house and he mistakenly thinks she’s the maid. The white rabbit says, â€Å"Why, Mary Ann, what are you doing out here? Run home this moment, and fetch me a pair of gloves and a fan! Quick, now! † Alice finds an unmarked bottle that makes her extremely tall and little cakes that shrink her smaller than expected. Alice is frightened and runs from the house; this is the road of trails. In Tough Alice, as she wonders through the woods she notices old friends, the tea-party trio to be exact. The Hater to Dormouse to Hare continued to argue across the big oak table as she walked by. Alice, at least hope they would wave but realized Wonderland friends are not the type to send postcards or letters or anything of that kind. Second, she came across all her Wonderland friends at a table in the meadow, exchanging money from creature to creature. The last phase of the Hero’s Journey takes on the act of return for the characters. In the end, Alice’s sister wakes her up from her dream and as Alice slowly wakes up she sees Wonderland become a pack of cards. She realizes it was all a dream because she previously saw the pack of cards in Wonderland before she was awakened. In Tough Alice, Alice had to defeat the Jabberwock in a battle. Alice was frightened at first, but began to laugh and the Jabberwock was no longer a threat. â€Å"Laughter in the face of certain death? It is the very definition of the Hero,† said the White Queen. Alice thought to herself, â€Å"Courage, Laughter, Maybe I’ll try them both out on Albert. † Suddenly, Alice began to rise slow then fast up the rabbit whole and all the way back home. Alice just had to believe in herself. Jane Yolen, did an excellent job reconstructing the still famous fairy tale of all time Alice in Wonderland. Both stories project the same experiences when it comes to heroes, except with a few different characters to spice it up. Alice, a child had a very vivid and powerful imagination. These experiences taught her how to control and master these two worlds; Wonderland and the Real World.

Shouldice Hospital Analysis Essay Example

Shouldice Hospital Analysis Essay Example Shouldice Hospital Analysis Essay Shouldice Hospital Analysis Essay Benefits purchased by the consumer: Shouldice Value Proposition as compared to other hospitals Value is added into every aspect of Shouldice Hospitals sensible service culture. The service offered is the expertise of the doctors, the dedication of the staff, and the overall feel of the atmosphere which, in turn, makes customers feel comfortable and helps in the patients speedy recovery. Shouldice Hospitals biggest value proposition is quality through experience. For over 60 years Shouldice Hospital has been repairing hernias for hundreds of thousands of patients (with over a 99% success rate) and the number is rising daily. This value proposition is definitely being utilized. On their surgical team is Dr. Casim Degani, an internationally recognized authority. The surgeons that work there make a lifetime commitment to the company because after they have been away from other disciplines for so long they loose touch with them. There is no alternative to experience, and since the doctors stay and at Shouldice for countless years, their value proposition is far exceeding what is promised. The procedure itself is one of the many unique aspects the hospital offers. With the use of a local anesthetic combined with the nature of the procedure itself, allows early recovery following surgery. Recovery time is practically cut in half when compared to other hospitals. Also, the local anesthetic is administered in the operating room, compared to other hospitals completely sedating you before you even enter the operating room. After the operation patients are encouraged to step off of the operating table and walk to the post-operating room, allowing the exercising needed for full recovery to begin immediately. This procedure would never be carried out at other hospitals. The simple fact that patient is awake and is fully aware of what is happening around them is also not the norm for most hospitals. The atmosphere of the Shouldice hospital is one of their value adding features with two different facilities (the hospital and a clinic) in the 17,000 square foot building sitting on 130 acres. The entire hospital is carpeted to give it a comforting feeling, as opposed to a cold hospital floor feel. It is equipped with a large open lounge area, the admissions office, patient rooms, and a spacious glass-covered Florida room. It also contains recreational facilities ranging from exercising equipment to a pool table. Balancing low cost with high quality Shouldice is able to balance low cost with high quality in several different ways. The low cost of the operation room furnishings ($30,000) is one reason. The cost of operating rooms in other hospitals is quadruple that because the equipment needed is much more extensive. They are able to reduce costs with only having one â€Å"crash cart† per floor of the hospital, compared with hundreds. Turnover is low, so there is another cost-cutting measure. They pay their employees over average than most hospitals, which raises their budget more. This is how their quality remains at a high level, while being low cost competitors at the same time. Their full utilization of their time also helps in cost cutting measures. Target Group of Customers: Commonalities Production Process Shouldice Hospital has created a niche service in the medical field that targets only external abdominal hernias or hernias from patients suffering from recurrences. They also partner patients with similar backgrounds, jobs, or interests into the same room to further add to their value proposition. To further add to the delivery of their value proposition, Shouldice Hospital’s service process is unique in its own right. From being kind enough to wake patients in the same room for surgery within minutes (a procedure I have never seen another hospital perform) to almost immediately after surgery administering counseling activities. When patients arrive at the facility, they are immediately able to mingle with other patients who had their operation on that same day. This is a psychological procedure to make the patients feel comfortable about their operation, again, not a practice that is done by other hospitals. A simple blueprint of their production process is attached to this essay to further demonstrate their unique service delivery. The service delivery far exceeds the expectations of patients and perfectly matches their value proposition. Five Dimensions of Service Quality Reliability: Delivery on Promises oReliability is defined as the ability to perform the promised service dependably and accurately. Throughout this paper I have stated how Shouldice Hospital is living up to their service value proposition in many different dimensions. Shouldice maintains promises made with regards to pricing, delivery, and problem resolution. They are always on the same schedule Monday through Friday, and make careful diagnoses from the start. Responsiveness: Being Willing to Help oResponsiveness is the willingness to help customers and to provide prompt service. Shouldice’s accessibility, willingness to listen to every patient individually, and immediate attention as soon as the patient enters the door shows their proficiency in responsiveness. Assurance: Inspiring Trust and Confidence oAssurance is defined as employees’ knowledge and courtesy and the ability of the firm and its employees to inspire trust and confidence. In the medical field it is extremely important to achieve assurance because of the high risk factor. Trust and confidence are apparent when you enter the doors, when you receive your first examination, when you go to your first counseling session with patients that have just had the operation, to when you leave the hospital. The patients have a great amount of assurance when they discover the experience and skill level of the doctors, and when they hear about the good reputation that they hold. With no advertising in place, their customer base is highly reliant upon word-of-mouth and reputation is everything. Empathy: Treating Customers as Individuals oEmpathy is defined as the caring, individualized attention that the firm provides its customers. Since Shouldice hospital positioned itself as specialist in hernia surgery they are able to compete with larger hospitals in this area. The specialized attention they give to each patient also shows there successfulness with regards to empathy. With all of the counseling sessions the patients endure throughout their stay, each patient is treated like family members of a huge group. Each patient is understood by their peers, and the experienced staff is empathetic and knowledgeable about what they are going through also. Tangibles: Representing the Service Physically oTangibles are defined as the appearance of physical facilities, equipment, personnel, and communication materials. From the moment that you decide that Shouldice is the facility that you want to operate on you, they send you an informative brochure detailing the facility and procedure you will endure. I mentioned above some of the amenities that Shouldice offers for their patients that makes them proficient in delivering tangibles. Employment at Shouldice Hospital Compared to Other Hospitals Nurses: The nurse to patient ratio in other hospitals in the Ontario is 1:4, compared to Shouldice’s ratio of 1:15. Their unique service delivery process can be attributed to these differences. Most of their time is spent in counseling activities for the patients, instead of the grueling activities nurses do at other hospitals such as paperwork and changing bed pans. There are no bed pans at Shouldice. The waiting list to be employed as a nurse in this facility is endless, while hospitals in the area are extremely short staffed. Doctors: This position appeals to experienced doctors who â€Å"want to watch their children grow up. † Their typical day only lasts from 7 a. m. to 4 p. m. which are very attractive hours for me. They are only on call one weekday night in ten and one weekend in ten. Compared to other hospitals where doctors work long strenuous hours and are on call all of the time. They are paid 15% more than a surgeon in Ontario. The only downside, if you could call it a downside, for doctors is that they loose touch with other medical surgical disciples since they are always performing the same surgery with the same disciplines. There are a very small percentage of doctors that elect to leave the organization once they have started, which results in low turnover. Administration and Support Staff: The administration and support staff are non-union individuals because their pay is higher than comparable jobs in the area. There is very low turnover because they have a â€Å"no one fired† policy. One characteristic that I found interesting was that there is no organization chart because, â€Å"A chart tends to make people think they are boxed in jobs. † The administration staff is cross-trained to do every other administration and support staff job, so if the situation arises where they are needed else where, there is no problem in doing so. Growth Alternatives Dr. Shouldice seeks a desire to find ways of increasing the hospitals capacity. There are a few proposals on the table that help make this happen. oStart performing operations on Saturday which would increase capacity by 20%. There are currently no operations performed on Saturdays and Sundays. Patients who have their operation late in the week still stay at the facility during the weekend. This is frowned upon by all of the current Shouldice employees. oThey could expand their number of beds by 50%, and schedule the operating rooms more heavily. This would require an investment of $4 million dollars. oThey could expand into Toronto, or even in the United States. oOffer more specialties such as eye surgery, varicose veins, or diagnostic services. My Alternatives Expand the capacity of the current hospital to meet demand Advertising Campaign Hire more surgeons staff Operate on Saturday Expand into the United States Solution Rationale With one hundred and thirty acres to build on, I believe that Shouldice should expand the capacity of the hospital to meet the rising demand. If they proceed in this direction then they would be able to begin a marketing campaign that would tremendously attract new patients into the operating room. In order to meet the increased workload of the new expansion new staff would need to be hired to make sure company morale remains high. With the hiring of the new staff, it will be easy to maintain the same working relationships and attitudes they have with their patients. The current staff can empower incoming new staff to maintain the same business culture and learn the specialized way of Shouldice Hospital. Expansion in the United States would be a great move after my first alternative is assessed, completed, and begins to earn profits. This will not happen overnight. It will be a long process with many trials and tribulations. The Shouldice Method is very unique and does not need to be copied in anyway. The current threat of other hospitals stealing this unique technique and performing it in the wrong way can prove to be disastrous for Shouldice. Immediate attention needs to be given to this problem. A thought on what to do includes getting negative media attention towards the hospitals who are trying to reproduce the technique. I believe that the marketing campaign that will be launched could prove to be beneficial instead of hazardous to Shouldice Hospital in this respect. By implementing my alternatives, I believe, that Shouldice Hospital will continue to remain successful in their specialization and offer a superior value proposition, all while remaining to balance low cost with high quality.

Joan Benoit - Marathon Runner

Joan Benoit - Marathon Runner Joan Benoit Facts: Known for: winning Boston Marathon (twice), womens marathon at 1984 OlympicsDates: May 16, 1957 -Sport: track and field, marathonCountry Represented: USAAlso known as: Joan Benoit Samuelson Olympic Gold Medal: 1984 Los Angeles Olympics, womens marathon. Notable especially because: it was the first time the modern Olympics games included a marathon for womenBenoit had knee surgery 17 days before the eventshe beat the reigning womens world champion, Grete Waitzher time was the third best ever for a woman Boston Marathon Wins: First place 1979: time 2:35:15Won 1983 Boston Marathon: time 2:22:42 Joan Benoit Biography: Joan Benoit started running when, at fifteen, she broke a leg skiing, and used running as her rehabilitation. In high school she was a successful competitive runner. She continued with track and field in college, Title IX giving her more opportunities for college sports than she might otherwise have had. Boston Marathons Still in college, Joan Benoit entered the Boston Marathon in 1979. She got caught in traffic on the way to the race, and ran two miles to get to the starting point before the race began. Despite that extra running, and starting at the back of the pack, she pulled ahead and won the marathon, with a time of 2:35:15. She returned to Maine to finish her last year of college, and attempted to avoid the publicity and interviews that she disliked so much. Beginning in 1981, she coached at Boston University. In December of 1981, Benoit had surgery on both Achilles tendons, to try to cure recurring heel pain. The following September, she won a New England marathon with a time of 2:26:11, a record for women, beating a previous record by 2 minutes. In April of 1983, she entered the Boston Marathon again. Grete Waitz had set a new world record for women the day before at 2:25:29. Allison Roe of New Zealand was expected to win; she had come in first among the women in the 1981 Boston Marathon. The day provided excellent weather for running. Roe dropped out because of leg cramps, and Joan Benoit beat Waitz record by more than 2 minutes, at 2:22:42. This was good enough to qualify her for the Olympics. Still shy, she was gradually getting used to the inevitability of publicity. A challenge was raised to Benoits marathon record: it was claimed that she had an unfair advantage from pacing, because mens marathon runner Kevin Ryan ran with her for 20 miles. The records committee decided to let her record stand. Olympic Marathon Benoit began training for the Olympics trials, which would be held on May 12, 1984. But in March, her knee gave her problems which an attempt at rest did not solve. She tried an anti-inflammation drug, but that also did not resolve the knee problems. Finally, on April 25, she had arthroscopic surgery on her right knee. Four days after surgery, she began running, and on May 3, ran for 17 miles. She had more problems with her right knee and, from compensating for that knee, her left hamstring, but she ran in the Olympic trials anyway. By mile 17, Benoit was in the lead, and though her legs continued to be tight and painful for the last miles, she came in first at 2:31:04, and so despite being just weeks out of surgery qualified for the Olympics. She trained over the summer, usually in the heat of the day anticipating a hot run in Los Angeles. Grete Waitz was the expected winner, and Benoit aimed to beat her. The first womens marathon at a modern Olympics was held August 5, 1984. Benoit sped up early, and no one else could overtake her. She finished at 2:24:52, the third best time for a womens marathon and the best in any all-women marathon. Waitz won the silver medal, and Rosa Mota of Portugal won the bronze. After the Olympics In September she married Scott Samuelson, her college sweetheart. She continued to try to avoid publicity. She ran the Americas Marathon in Chicago in 1985, with a time of 2:21:21. In 1987, she ran the Boston Marathon again this time she was three months pregnant with her first child. Mota took first. Benoit didnt participate in the 1988 Olympics, focusing instead on parenting her new infant. She did run the 1989 Boston Marathon, coming in 9th among the women. In 1991, she again ran the Boston Marathon, coming in 4th among the women. In 1991, Benoit was diagnosed with asthma, and back problems kept her from the 1992 Olympics. She was by then the mother of a second child In 1994, Benoit won the Chicago Marathon in 2:37:09, qualifying for the Olympic trials. She placed 13th in the trials for the 1996 Olympics, with a time of 2:36:54. In the trials for the 2000 Olympics, Benoit placed ninth, at 2:39:59. Joan Benoit has raised money for the Special Olympics, Bsotons Big Sisters program and for multiple sclerosis. She has also been one of the runners voices on the Nike running system. More Awards: Ms. Magazine Woman of the Year 1984Amateur Sportswoman of the Year 1984 (shared award), from the Womens Sports FederationSullivan Award, 1986, from the Amateur Athletic Union, for best amateur athlete Education: public high school, MaineBowdoin College, Maine: graduated 1979graduate school: North Carolina State University Background, Family: Mother: Nancy BenoitFather: Andre Benoit Marriage, Children: husband: Scott Samuelson (married September 29, 1984)children: Abigail and Anders

The Arranged Marriage or Love Marriage Research Paper

The Arranged Marriage or Love Marriage - Research Paper Example Love and arranged marriages can take other forms including polygamy which is a form of marriage where a man marries more than one woman or a woman getting married to more than one man. However, in 1862, Abraham Lincoln made polygamy a criminal offence in the United States as well as persons who were in such relationships were innumerable (Batabyal and Beladi, 2002). Nonetheless, there was a belief that an individual must have had more than one partner so they could go to heaven. Polygyny is a marriage with more than one partner at the same time and polyandry is a woman who (Applbaum, 1995) marries more than one man at the same time (Gupta, 1976). Endogamy is marriage to several wives or husbands from the same family, community, tribe, or social group. Since the advent of marriage, marriage scenarios have immensely changed across different cultures and societies across the world. Women have since been given equal marriage right has men. During the medieval period, women were faced full responsibility of their marriages and religion. On numerous occasions, marriages have been significantly pegged on other several reasons other than love. In some cases, economic liaison was taken to be the main reason behind marriages. In most cases, there were dowry as well as proxy marriages. In the case of dowry marriages, bride and his family are expected to pay dowry to the family of the groom. The dowry may be in the form of money or present (Applbaum, 1995). However, there some cultures that requires the groom’s family to pay dowry to the bride. Significantly, few marriages in the world require any sort of courtship or dating. Despite differences in nature and types of marriages, the culture of engagement ring is a universal customary i n marriage. The use of engagement ring can be traced back from the ancient Roman. There was a belief that the roundness of the ring represented the concept of an eternal relationship (Gupta, 1976). Additionally, there is a belief that the ring and the adorn finger ring directly connects the nerves and the heart. Marriage is considered a secret bond, as opposed to physical connectivity (Allendorf and Ghimire, 2012). Notably, Saint Paul once compared the marriage relationship to the relationship between Christ and the Church. Arranged marriage This marriage can be traced from the aristocratic and royal families all over the world. Currently, arranged marriages are largely practiced in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, Africa, and south Asia (Cherlin, 2004). In the south Asia, arranged marriages are common in nations including India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Pakistan. Moreover, the practise is also found between the Hasidic Judaism and the Unification Church. Arranged marriage should never be confused with the forced marriage (Gupta, 1976). Arranged

Personal Leadership Development Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Personal Leadership Development Plan - Essay Example From the description given, personally, I prefer sensing rather than intuition. Sensing is then followed by thinking as opposed to feeling. Sensing is then followed by thinking as opposed to feeling. I prefer thinking critically before making a decision. The criterion is then finalized with judging as opposed to perception. I have more preference to judging as compared to perception (Farcht, 2007). From this assessment, it is evident that I will need to improve on judgment and try to form not so strict deadlines and expectations (Ricketts, 2011). This is so because they cause stress and can demoralize someone so much. From the argument, it is clear that in life, there are downfalls and I should take that in mind to continue with life in a better way. As a leader, I will need to show steadfastness and to be strong even if here in an unexpected happening. This will help give my followers a good example to maintain the pace of work and calmness even in cases of misfortunes. Looking at i ntroversion as a trait, it looks to be strict and mind tasking. Therefore, it needs to be done, with moderation, to avoid stress issues (Ricketts, 2011). ... This is a wide range of testing and is sure to give the required result. These tests are also very reliable since they have been tested with many individuals. This assures that they are perfect with what they measure in an individual. A combination of these tests also gives confidence that it measures about all aspects related to an individual. The tests measure interpersonal adaptability, leadership derailers, distinct personality types, job performance description, and reasoning ability based on a theory of intelligence and real world performance (Granville, 2010). The five assessments have different categories of information that is considered. First, there is the reliability measure of the tests (Granville, 2010). Reliability shows how dependable or true the result obtained after someone has been tested will be. It is an indication of the percentage of previous tests that have already been done and gone through. All the tests given have good reliability, and one is assured that i t will give the required results. The cost of assessment is another category that has been listed. It sums up the cost of carrying out the test online or manually per individual or to a group of people. Doing the test as a group looks cheaper as compared to doing it individually (Ricketts, 2011). Validity of the tests tries to give an idea if at all the results of the test will hold only for a short time or indicate a day-to-day trend of an individual. The tests also are of two different types. There are manual and online tests. Manual tests require the presence of the individual to be tested while online tests can be conducted at any place and any time over the internet (Granville, 2010). Looking at the core areas

Religion, Myth, and Magic in Robertson Davies’s Fifth Business Essay

Religion, Myth, and Magic in Robertson Davies’s Fifth Business Interwoven with light and shadows, Robertson Davies’s Fifth Business is penetrated with fantastical elements that rub uneasily against feelings of guilt. A snowball thrown by young "Boy" Staunton misses Dunstan and hits Mary Dempster, causing the premature birth of Paul and the insanity of Mary. Guilt ensues and threatens to envelop Dunstable, Dunny, and Dunstan. One is his name by birth; the other a pet name; and the third, his true name upon being born again. With so many identities, Dunstan struggles to understand his role as fifth business and to learn to untie himself from his burden of guilt. Conventional religion may confine Dunstan Ramsay’s spiritual growth, but it lays a firm foundation for him to mature. Myth finds a place in the heart of Dunstan and teaches him to grow. Magic is the escape of yore that Dunstan seeks and successfully rediscovers. Religion, myth, and magic are intertwined in Dunstan Ramsay’s life, crucial for the completion of Ramsay as a person through the wonder they inspire. Dunstan Ramsay’s family, especially Dunstan’s authoritative mother, is the epitome of Scottish Presbyterianism in Dunstan’s life. The Scots are the paragons of common sense and prudence – they are not allowed the "usual failings normally associated with the human condition,"1 and Dunstan is indeed acutely aware of any shortcomings he might have. Though Dunstan declares that "the Scottish practicality that [he has] imitated from [his] parents [is] not really in grain with [him]"2, the "chilly Presbyterian ethos"3 remain. When he dodges Percy Boyd Staunton’s snowball and it hits Mary Dempster – which causes the premature birth of Paul and the "madness" of Mary – ... ...enreich, The Postwar Novel. p. 63. Robertson Davies. Fifth Business. p. 262. John Moss, Sex and Violence in the Canadian Novel. p. 103 Robertson Davies. Fifth Business. p. 217. Ibid. p. 221. Ibid. p. 226. Ibid. p. 227. Primary source: Davies, Robertson. Fifth Business. Toronto: Penguin Group, 1970. Secondary sources: Heidenreich, Rosmarin. The Postwar Novel. Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1989. Little, Dave. Catching the Wind in a Net: the Religious Vision of Roberston Davies. Toronto, Ontario: ECW Press, 2996. Monk, Patricia. Mud and Magic: Robertson Davies’s Fifth Business. Don Mills, Ont.: ECW Press, 1992. Moss, John. Sex and Violence in the Canadian Novel. Toronto, Ontario: McClelland and Stewart, 1977. Quigley, Theresia, The Child Hero in the Canadian Novel. Toronto: NC Press Limited, 1991.

Nursing and Student

INTRODUCTION The aims of the assignment is to examine how the reflective account or our experience of facilitating learning opportunities assessing and teaching a student will help the future development with in the mentor or practice teacher role. In order to achieve this teaching session, educational theories. The formulation of a lesson plan wills be included focusing on my objectives rational for my action. In assessment session a brief Introduction will be given on relevant theories, concepts and principles of assessment in practice with further discussion of the assessment process. Assessing a student in clinical area will take place.Effectiveness of my mentoring will be critically analysed and skills in teaching and assessing will be reflected up on evaluation of developing my mentorship role will be discussed, highlighting any changes that can be made to my practice to improve mentorship. It has now mandatory requirement that qualified nurses and midwives becomes mentors affe ct one year of registration and practice (N. M. C 2008). Mentors play a vital role in supporting, teaching and assessing students in practice Quinn (2007) define a mentor as someone who experienced, and many cases more senior than the learner, and who provide support, encouragement, and guidance.PART II : ROLE AS A MENTAR An N. M. C. 2008 mentor is registrant who following successful completion of an N. M. C approved mentor preparation programme. According to N. M. C mentor should exclusive the knowledge, skills and competence are required to meet the defined outcome. Mentors are responsible and accountable for organizing and co-ordinating students learning activities in practice (N. M. C 2008). Mentor need to supervising students in learning situations and providing them with constructive feed back on their achievements. Mentor should assess the total performance including skills, attitudes and behaviours.The fitness for practice and purpose report of the U. K. C. C. post Commissio n Development Group 2001 looked at the competencies of newly qualified Nurses. They concluded that the mentor was to be responsible to contribute constructively to the learning environment for the evidence progress of student, be approachable and supportive to gain confidence of the students have knowledge of assessment tools to assess the competence in order to ensure patient safety, be competent to share knowledge of patient care, make time for interviews to discuss the specific requirements of the student.Provide time for reflection and encourage enquiry based learning. As per N. M. C 2008 there is a developmental frame work to support learning and assessment in practice. There are 8 dominants in the frame work. It includes: 1Establishing effective working relationship 2Facilitation of learning 3Assessment and accountability 4Evaluation of learning 5Creating an environment for teaching 6Evidence based practice 7Leadership As per N. M. C standard Student need to spend minimum 40% of the time with their mentor.As a role as mentor, their knowledge, skills and competency need to update ongoing basis. Each mentors as reviewed every 3 years to ensure that only those who continue to meet the mental requirements. Remain on the local register mentor at least two student with due regard with in 3 years period participate annual updating. Duffy states that N. M. C. Standard for the preparation of mentors provides a tool for preparation but it is the mentor knowledge, skills, ineffectively arrying out their role that protect the public by ensuring that students who are lacking incompetence do not progress to become registered nurse or midwives. The reality of being a mentor is that as per R. C. N tool kit for Nurses 2007 all mentors supporting students, gain registration, have responsibility to ensure that they are fit. Mentor should be prepared to assess student performance in practice and will be accountable for their decision to pass, refer or fail a student. N. M.C recognise that failing student may be difficult and that all assessment decision must be evidence based, mentor should recognise various assessment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦that direct care, simulation, OSCES and other†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Common criteria for sign off mentor, the N. M. C states Registrant who makes judgement about whether a student has achieved the required standards of proficiency for safe and effective practise must be on the same part or sub part of the register as that which the student is intending to enter. Only sing off mentors and practise teachers that are the same part of the register and the same field of practise.May confirm to N. M. C that student have met relevant standards of proficiency for the particular programme leading to registration. Signing off proficiency must be assessed by all existing sign-off mentor at least 3 occasions. The role of mentor on the preparation of practitioners who are fit for practice is paramount. However mentor need to be supported in her demanding role (Glyniscells pellet 2006). Mentors in the study identified constraints on their role owing to staff shortage, busy clinical work atmosphere, too many students.This result in lack of time to spend with students and left mentor feeling guilty. Kathleen Duffy (2004) identified some mentors failed to fail students early on their programme, pick things up later. Nurse mentors are faced with many difficulties in fulfilling the dual role of facilitator and assessor (Sharples Ketal 2007) ASSESSMENT Assessment defined as the measurement of candidate’s level of competence in theoretical and practical Nursing Skills (Brooker 2001, as cited in Howard and Eaton, 2003, page 46).Assessment in clinical practice ensures safety and competent standard of practice. Assessment is a critical element of the mentoring process, as Duffy (2204) explains mentors must ensure that assessment of clinical skills does occur as required. Many mentors have been passing students who should have failed in the hope that they will improve later although they are aware that this puts patients at risk. Kathleen Duffy was commissioned by the N. M. C to investigate the reasons for this.The four main issue is that emerged in her report of January 2003 included the mentor leaving the indication to the student about their problem for too late in their placement, the mentor having difficulty to take action during their placement because such action could eventually cause critical consequences to the student, the mentor having to face the challenge of a weak student because Nursing is viewed as a caring profession and such action would be uncaring and lack of adequate time for assessors in the clinical environment to work with students (Fraser et al 1998), lack of support for the mentor from lecturers when faced with a fail situation (Sharp 2000). Stuart (2007 page 1) defined assessment as the judgement of performance during clinical practice and any other ways of measuring profession al learning. There are 3 methods of assessment. They are Continuous Assessment, Formative Assessment and Summative assessment. Continues assessment provides a measure of how the student is progressing according to the level and knowledge expected at each stage of their training (R. C. N 2007).The assessment consists of formative and summative dimensions, the later being as all the outputs from the student in the clinical area are observed, providing opportunities for Nursing Practice to be explored and not missed. Gibbs (1998) suggests that assessment should be continues as they are more authentic. Formative assessment occurs throughout the placement and during learning activities using feedback and feed forward and can determine whether re-explanation, arrangement of further practice or moving to the next level is required. Summative assessment normally takes place at the end of the placement and focuses on how much students have learned and have the learning outcomes been met. It does judge achievement of the specified competencies for the student to progress in training.The formative and summative assessment are reliant on each other as Formative Assessment provides a facilitating process which guides and increases learning and serves to give a series assessments whereby a summative assessment can be made. Regardless of the type of assessment, employed every effective assessment must meet the four cardinal criteria. Which are Validity, Reliability, Discrimination and Utility (M. Quinn 2007). Dogra and Wass (2006) note any assessment of clinical performance need to accommodate the diversity of patients and their needs. So performance is judged in terms of cultural sensitivity. A mentor has an important part to play in the assessment of practical work, as well as providing education, role modelling and direct feed back (Nicklin & Ken worthy 2000).We assess the knowledge of the students and how competent they are (what) (In the case of the student nurse, how c ompetent she is in administering oral drugs). The staff nurse achieved this by asking the questions set out in the lesson plan (appendix 4) and evaluating the return demonstration. We assess because (why) we need to test the progress of the student, provide feedback to learners leading to future improvement and demonstrate to students that they have attained a goal or acquired a new skill (Cox & Harper 2000). In this situation, the staff nurse assessed (How) the skills and competency of the student through questioning and observing the return demonstration.As part of the preparation for the role of the mentor, the assessment of the student nurse related to the practical procedure of drug administration began prior to the procedure itself. The student mentor assisted the learner previously with information about other topics and skills in the clinical environment which helps her to reduce assessment stress as the learner was comfortable due to previous interactions as predicted by Ca lnan, 1983. In addition to this, to ensure that all relevant issues were covered, the mentor observed the student throughout the lesson by using a performance checklist as stated by Quinn, 2000 (p. 231) which was designed to identify the knowledge, skills and attitude required for efficient performance.The mentor also communicated clearly and assertively, which helps to interact in a more effective way (Wondrak, 1998). He gave verbal guidance to the learner and informed the student, prior to approaching the ward area that feed back would be presented in the privacy of the office to avoid embarrassment and promote confidence and discussion between the two. When I assessed my student the assessment tool choose to use observation and the use of checklist. Questioning, an important part of the assessing was aided by blooms classification system which enabled the student mentor to ask questions at different intellectual levels to determine the level of knowledge of the student. The learn er received ample time to answer the questions to her full potential.To facilitate self reflection, the staff nurse encouraged the student to discuss (Muijs & Reynolds, 2005) upon her own performance and the students realised how the assessment enhanced here knowledge. A mentor is also provided with the privilege to provide feed back targeting the improvement of the student. The staff nurse chose to give constructive feed back where criticism follows praise and then ends with a positive note which is hoped to give the student adequate confidence to deal with more negative aspects of his/her performance (Neary, 2000). The assessing section of the teaching session proved comparatively easier. I used Blooms Classification system to formulate questions at different intellectual levels in order to understand extend of the student knowledge.The practical demonstration was easy to assess as the checklist provided the exact actions that I should be looking for an assessing. I felt confident while assessing the student and observed every step he took carefully. Assessing is something that I thought it is always done automatically rather than theoretically and methodically it was quite interesting to relate it to theory. My assessor was pleased with my performance and advised me to keep it up. I think my confidence in the subject influenced the student to learn more from me as the image presented through usually givers other a good impression. If a situation arises again I would try my best to keep up my good performance. I feel that the improvement I could make realise on time.I should probably try to make the session longer so that the student has enough and more time to understand, improve, reflect and perfect. It would also help me to build up a better support with the student. This session provided me enough confidence. TEACHING Professional teaching in Nursing, Midwifery and Specialist Community Public Health Nursing, teaching is an International Enterprise that a ims to facilitate learning. It is characterised by an acceptance of responsibility for facilitating other people’s learning by means of planned and purposeful educational interventions (Quinn 2007 p. 183). Teaching can either be formal or informal. Formal is normally pre-planned whereas informal teaching tends to be spontaneous (Hinchiff 2004).For effective teaching to be carried out, it is important to understand the process of learning. Reece & Walker (2000) defines learning as a relatively permanent change. There are different learning theories associated with teaching, firstly, behaviourism, this theory is based on stimulus and response Pavlow (1936 – 1949) among other physiologist experimented on this theory. The humanist theory is however linked to feelings and experience. Maslow (1971) defines this theory as motivation and hierarchy of needs. Meaning the student must identify what he or she wants to learn. Lastly, the cognitive theory, this theory involves think ing and the mind.According Hinchiff (2004) suggest that some key elements are essential in creating a good environment for the student, which are approachable staff, welcoming confident enough to share knowledge supportive, helpful, available and contactable and knowledgeable. Teaching session was carried out to prepare staff nurse to be a mentor oral drug administration was the topic chosen for this session. The rationale for this decision is the fact it is an integral part of a patients care. I notice that numerous management students have been failing their drug assessment test. There are two management students in our ward, next week they have a drug exam. I choose this topic to try to create a difference to these unfortunate occurrences.Knowles indicate that adults are self directed and expect to take responsibility for decisions motivated about by the identification of humanistic needs (Knowles 1985). My students are adult and thus I chose andragogy to teach my students. Andra gogy is defined as the art and science of helping adults to learn. In contrast pedagogy, which can be defined as the art and science of teaching children (Knowles 1973)? According to Knowles 1990, andragogy is where a student controlled approach is employed and thus enhance the students self concept, promotes autonomy, self direction and critical thinking. While encouraging reflection on experience and involves student in the diagnosis, planning, enacting and allows the student to evaluate his or her own learning needs (Knowles 1990).On other hand, Pedagogy implies that learning occurs as a result of the input of others, the student – teacher relationship is unequal – student’s look-up to their teacher, teaching methods is teacher-led and the teacher accepts responsibility for the students learning (Hinchiff 2004 p. 69). The session took place in the staff room at the acute respiratory unit on Tuesday afternoon at 16. 30 hrs commenced after coffee break. The tim e chooses as there would be less activity compared to morning time. The rationale for this decision was to maximize concentration by the student and me (Gibbs 1998). The room was calm and quiet and devoid of any disturbance. It was also well ventilated, spacious and bright which ensured comfort for everyone in to the room. The atmosphere was positive for learning. The session was well planned and the room was arranged beforehand to produce the best possible learning atmosphere.The student mentor prepared handouts for the students prior to the teaching session in order to provide record of what had to be taught (Hinchiff 2004). The mentor prepared a lesson plan before the lesson, thus ensuring that everything was prepared; she made SMART aims and objectives (Hinchiff 2004) to reach perfectionism. British National Formulary was used to teach the student where to look for information pertaining to groups of drugs. The domains of learning described in Booms Taxonomy were used for the se ssion. In Bloom’s Taxonomy, the Domains of learning include Cognitive, the Psychomotor and the affective (Bloom 1972). I started the session by introducing myself and my assessor to the students. In addition I explained the aims and objectives of the lesson.Then I asked some few question regarding the drug administration (Cox & Harper 2000) to understand the scope of the student’s previous knowledge us it. The staff used Bloom’s Taxonomy of educational objectives (1956) to formulate questions at different intellectual levels (Bloom 1956) in the session. Staff Nurse described the N. M. C. guidelines and Whippscross Policy of oral drug administration. The Staff Nurse used a drug chart and explained to the student how to read it, explained the important document features to ensure safety. At the end of session the staff nurse demonstrate to the student the administration of oral drugs. The mentor followed the step by step policies of the N. H. S. efore and after th e administration of the drug while explaining the rationale for each action. After her demonstration, he asked the student for a return demonstration to facilitate evaluation. Finally, a short feed back session was held in the office and the student was provided with the opportunity to clarify her queries. The staff nurse began with positive feed back and then moved on to negative and constructive feed back. Ultimately the student asked to complete questionnaire to evaluate the session (see appendix 3). After the session, my assessor and myself sat down to reflect on the session. He gave me aspiring feedback about the session. ReflectionReflection is a process of reviewing an experience of practice in order to describe, analyse, evaluate and to inform learning about practice (Reid 1993). Reflection enables the practitioner to explore, understand and develop meaning, and also highlights contradictions between theory and practice (Johns 1995). Reflection can be two categories namely r eflection on action, which involves looking back at events that have occurred and reflection in action, which involves learning as it happens and adapting to new situations (Bulman & Schutz 2004). Baud et al (1998) defined reflection as an active process of exploration and discovery which often lead to much unexpected outcomes.Reflection helps to create an environment where professionals are helped to analyse and review their practice, thus enabling the professional to work in a more responsive, creative and untimely more effective manner (Redmond 2004). Reflection has been analysed by many and models have been designed to facilitate reflection. I choose the model, Gibbs’ Reflective Cycle (1998) to help me reflect on my session. I incorporated it into the teaching and assessing of my lesson for a methodical approach. Reflection is said to encourage practitioners to challenge the way they think, feel and believe (Burnard 1989). Reflecting on an experience is a highly skilled a ctivity, it requires an ability to analyse action to make judgements regarding their effectiveness in particular situations.Clearly, Boyd & Fales see self awareness and learning from experience as the key features of reflection. In Reflection, I felt that , humanistic approach was effective as it helped to make the student felt good about her. Contrary to my early fears, the students appeared to be confident about what she needed to know and asked questions accordingly. I would use pictorial demonstrations because this would have reduced the number of doubts that the students presented as many areas would have been self explanatory. Conclusion To develop the role of the mentor, I have made some recommendations. Staffs needs to be encouraged the student to teaching is a part of their role and need to be enthusiastic about this.Attending regular mentorship updates in order to provide relevant, evidenced based information and keep abreast of developments in students teaching may motiva te them and enhance professional development. A regular informal meeting at L. S. B. U between students and mentors to identify problems that arise and act accordingly. This would give both parties the opportunity to discuss what is expected and reduce barriers in the learning /teaching role and may improve the working relationship between mentors and students. Regular audit which are useful in identifying strength and weakness for teaching in the clinical area and all staff are to take part, they should be informed of date and time of audit and have the opportunity to participate in the ward evaluation. In conclusion becoming a mentor is one of the difficult roles of the nurse.It is a very big and serious responsibility because it is in the hands of a mentor to shape the development of the potentials and skills of the students. It is not just teaching a student, what he or she knows, it is about making sure that students will be knowledgeable and competent, enough to practice as a Professional Nurse in the future. Mentors are essential part of the Nursing Students and prepare the next generations to inherit our jobs and further improvement. To let students achieve their maximum potential, supportive and experienced mentors are required. An incompetent and different mentor could impair the students motivation to learn and thus create choose in the future.The N. M. C guidelines state that mentors are essential, however I am afraid they have left out the fact that enough time is also required to maintain the high standards set. This would ensure that students stretch their abilities to the maximum and that mentors are able to reflect upon their experiences and thus improve and perfect themselves to become much more experienced and competent. 10th December, 2008 To, Pauline Mills, Dear Madam, Please find enclosed herewith my mentorship essay preparation. Kindly check and re-correct the essay and return it at your earliest. Thanking you, Yours truly, SARAMMA KORUL LA Encl: Mentorship Essay (p. 1 -11)

The Fourth Amendment and Computer Searches - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1722 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Level High school Did you like this example? The Fourth Amendment and Computer Searches Cmputers are no longer just tools of the trade for scientists or mathematicians, they are now found in nearly every household within the United States. In a recent study conducted by the United States Census Bureau in 2013, 83.8 percent of the households in the United States reported owning a computer. Of that percentage, 78.5 reported having a desktop or laptop in their home and 63.6 percent reported having a handheld computer. As technology is on the upswing and more people are using computers, it gives way to a rise in computer related crime. With an uprising of computer crime it is becoming more imperative that law enforcement officers understand how to obtain evidence that is stored on computers and how the Fourth Amendment protections apply to searching computers. The entire premise of the Fourth Amendment is to prevent law enforcement agents from searching and seizing evidence without having a warrant. The Fourth Amendment is fairly clear as to what is required when it pertains to searches and seizures. According to the manual on search and seizure published by The Office of Legal Education, the Fourth Amendment reads as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The United States Supreme Court has gone in further detail as defining search as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“when an expectation of privacy that society is prepared to consider reasonable is infringed.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  In hindsight, is an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s reasonable expectation of privacy is not violated, than a search did not occur. Instructions for searches and seizures may seem clearly stated in the Fourth Am endment; however, as it pertains specifically to computers, it gets much more difficult to interpret. When it comes to specifically searching a computer, law enforcement agents consider two key points in determining whether they need a warrant or not. First they must understand if the search will violate the reasonable expectation to privacy that is given in the Fourth Amendment. Second they must consider if the search will fall into an exception to warrant criteria; therefore making the search permissible. When the Founding Fathers established the requirements for the Fourth Amendment, there was no possible way for them to foresee the technological advancement. While the Fourth Amendment still applies to the searching of computers, it has become very specific and very tricky for law enforcement officers. When law enforcement officers deal with computer searches, one of the biggest issues they face is the reasonable expectation of privacy clause in the Fourth Amendment. To est ablish what expectation of privacy equates to, courts have generally established that a computer is to be treated the same way a closed container is to be treated. Briefcases and file cabinets are examples of closed containers that also retain an expectation of privacy. Since computers are similar in nature, they are to be treated the same way. If it is believed that an individual has a reasonable expectation of privacy involving the contents on their computers, flash drives, or even cell phones, than it is required for law enforcement officials to get a warrant before the contents can be searched. Since the reasonable expectation of privacy applies to computers and other electronic devices, the information or data located on those devices also falls under the expectation of privacy for the owner. As mentioned above, there are exceptions to warrant requirements when it pertains to the searching of computers. When consent to search is given, a law enforcement officer may conduct t he search. This allows law enforcement officers to conduct a search without having to establish probable cause or secure a search warrant. Consent to search must come from an individual who has the authority to consent to a search. Once consent is given, law enforcement officers have to be careful as to not overstep the scope of consent that was given for that particular search. On occasion, law enforcement officers may rely on exigent circumstances to conduct a search on a computer. Certain criteria must be met in order for a warrantless search to be conducted. Generally there are four circumstances in which officers may conduct a warrantless search; the evidence is in immediate danger of it being destructed, the police or public are in danger due to an immediate threat, law enforcement officers are in a hot pursuit of an individual suspected in a crime, or the suspect is most likely to run before the search warrant can be granted. Pertaining to computers, evidence being in imme diate danger of being destructed, is the most common circumstances law enforcement officers will likely face. With todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s technology there are multiple ways in which computer data can be easily put out of reach of law enforcement officers; making the preservation of data that much more important. With hopes of using a warrantless search, law enforcement officers must either get consent to search, or have exigent circumstances. Without these, the search is deemed unconstitutional as it violates the protections in the Fourth Amendment. Computers can serve several different roles within the definitions of criminal offenses. They can serve as contraband, evidence of a crime, or an instrument in crime. Whichever role the computer serves is important, since each one can be searched in different ways. The actual search of a hard drive from a suspected computer can reveal several types of evidence. Once this information from the search has been extracted, it can provide d investigators with crucial answers to some of the common questions of who, what, when and how during their investigation. Search warrants for computers are the preferred method to engage in a search. In order for investigators to get a search warrant for a computer, they must first establish the probable cause necessary to search a computer and describe in particular what data or information is to be taken from the computer. Probable cause in reference to computers is belief that the computer is either contraband or contains contraband, there is evidence of a crime, it was used as an instrument to commit a crime, or fruits of a crime. When probable cause has been established, and a warrant has been issued, the warrant takes precedence over an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s expectation to privacy. In most cases it is forensic examination and analysis will take too long to be conducted on site, therefore, items described in the search warrant may be seized. The actual search of the computer occurs in two stages; imaging and analysis. When a computer hard drive is imaged, it is copied identically using software that allows this process without contaminating any data. The analysis stage is when the forensic analyst goes through the computer records that are detailed in the search warrant. The Fourth Amendment doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t limit what techniques that forensic analyst may use when conducting the search on the hard drive. It also doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t limit the type of forensic software may be used while conducting the examination. Since the modern day computer may be used in an array of tasks, a computer hard drive could have the possibility of containing evidence of more than one type of crime. Warrants for computer searches are very specific; they often times stipulate what type of evidence can be collected pertaining to a certain crime. When analysts discover other evidence pertaining to a separate crime, they must stop their search and ga in another search warrant to examine the evidence they just discovered. Collection of information for use as evidence that occur outside of intended scoped of the warrant will likely become inadmissible as evidence. Safe practice for analysts is gain immediately gain another search warrant when information uncovered leads to other suspected crimes. In addition to the limitations imposed by the Fourth Amendment, there are also three other limitations enacted by Congress that pertain specifically to the search of computers. The first limitation is the Privacy Protection Act which protects journalists and authors from search and seizure of materials that are in involved in First Amendment activities. The second limitation covers privileged documents such as medical records, psychologist notes, or attorney-client information. Lastly, limitations are also applied to the collection of information from disinterested third parties. Overall, as long as law enforcement officers follow prop er procedure, they can search any individual if they have probable cause that the search will disclose contraband or evidence that a crime was committed. As the American way of life is now centric around electronic devices and computers it has given way to which individuals commit crime. Criminal evidence such as drug trafficking ledgers, child pornography, incriminating photos and information can all be found within a computer. Computers are to be treated as containers and are generally given the reasonable expectation of privacy guaranteed to them in the Fourth Amendment. Computers are being commonly seized by law enforcement officers to conduct searches for evidence during criminal investigations. Information collected during these searches tends to be a critical step in evidence collection, and it cannot be taken lightly. It is imperative for law enforcement officers and prosecutors to fully understand and comprehend how computers must be searched while maintaining the integr ity of the Fourth Amendment. Without law enforcement and prosecutors following proper protocol, essential evidence found during a criminal investigation may not be allowed into the courts. Thus, allowing criminals to walk away uncharged. References File, T., Ryan, C. (2014, November). Computer and Internet Use in the United States: 2013. American Community Survey Reports. Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/publications/2014/acs/acs-28.pdf Goldfoot, J. (2011). The Physical Computer and the Fourth Amendment. Berkeley Journal of Crominal Law, 16(1), 112-167. Retrieved from https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1047context=bjcl The Office of Legal Education. (2009). Searching and Seizing Computers and Obtaining Electronic Evidence in Criminal Investigations (pp. 1-114). N.p.: Office of Legal Education Executive Office for United States Attorneys. Retrieved from https://www.justice.gov/criminal/cybercrime/docs/ssmanual 2009.pdf Ziff, D. J. (2005, April). Fourth Amendment Limitations on the Execution of Computer Searches Conducted Pursuant to a Warrant. Columbia Law Review, 105(3), 841- 872. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/4099480 Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Fourth Amendment and Computer Searches" essay for you Create order